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  1. Pseudomonas fluorescens is present in low number in the intestinal lumen and has been proposed to play a role in Crohn's disease (CD). Indeed, a highly specific antigen, I2, has been detected in CD patients and c...

    Authors: Amar Madi, Omar Lakhdari, Hervé M Blottière, Muriel Guyard-Nicodème, Karine Le Roux, Anne Groboillot, Pascal Svinareff, Joel Doré, Nicole Orange, Marc GJ Feuilloley and Nathalie Connil
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:215
  2. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection increases the risk of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can be a potential new tool for HBV therapy. Given the high heterogeneity of HB...

    Authors: Ya-Li Zhang, Tong Cheng, Yi-Jun Cai, Quan Yuan, Che Liu, Tao Zhang, De-Zhen Xia, Rui-Yin Li, Lian-Wei Yang, Ying-Bin Wang, Anthony ET Yeo, James Wai-Kuo Shih, Jun Zhang and Ning-shao Xia
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:214
  3. Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite that causes diarrheal illness in a wide range of hosts including humans. Two species, C. parvum and C. hominis are of primary public health relevance. Genome sequences of t...

    Authors: Maha Bouzid, Kevin M Tyler, Richard Christen, Rachel M Chalmers, Kristin Elwin and Paul R Hunter
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:213
  4. Epitope vaccines have been suggested as a strategy to counteract viral escape and development of drug resistance. Multiple studies have shown that Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte (CTL) and T-Helper (Th) epitopes can ge...

    Authors: Sinu Paul and Helen Piontkivska
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:212
  5. Yersinia enterocolitica is an enteric pathogen that invades the intestinal mucosa and proliferates within the lymphoid follicles (Peyer's patches). The attachment invasion locus (ail) mediates invasion by Y. ente...

    Authors: Ying Huang, Xin Wang, Zhigang Cui, Yuhuan Yang, Yuchun Xiao, Liuying Tang, Biao Kan, Jianguo Xu and Huaiqi Jing
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:211
  6. LuxS may function as a metabolic enzyme or as the synthase of a quorum sensing signalling molecule, auto-inducer-2 (AI-2); hence, the mechanism underlying phenotypic changes upon luxS inactivation is not always c...

    Authors: Feifei Shen, Laura Hobley, Neil Doherty, John T Loh, Timothy L Cover, R Elizabeth Sockett, Kim R Hardie and John C Atherton
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:210
  7. Tuberculosis persists as a public health problem in Honduras. A better knowledge of the molecular characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains will contribute to understand the transmission dynamics of t...

    Authors: Senia Rosales, Lelany Pineda-García, Solomon Ghebremichael, Nalin Rastogi and Sven E Hoffner
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:208
  8. In the process of developing a microplate-based growth assay, we discovered that our test organism, a native E. coli isolate, displayed very uniform doubling times (Ï„) only up to a certain threshold cell density....

    Authors: Peter L Irwin, Ly-Huong T Nguyen, George C Paoli and Chin-Yi Chen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:207
  9. Intense interest centers on the role of the human gut microbiome in health and disease, but optimal methods for analysis are still under development. Here we present a study of methods for surveying bacterial ...

    Authors: Gary D Wu, James D Lewis, Christian Hoffmann, Ying-Yu Chen, Rob Knight, Kyle Bittinger, Jennifer Hwang, Jun Chen, Ronald Berkowsky, Lisa Nessel, Hongzhe Li and Frederic D Bushman
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:206
  10. Arsenic is toxic to most living cells. The two soluble inorganic forms of arsenic are arsenite (+3) and arsenate (+5), with arsenite the more toxic. Prokaryotic metabolism of arsenic has been reported in both ...

    Authors: Thomas H Osborne, Heather E Jamieson, Karen A Hudson-Edwards, D Kirk Nordstrom, Stephen R Walker, Seamus A Ward and Joanne M Santini
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:205
  11. The marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is very abundant in warm, nutrient-poor oceanic areas. The upper mixed layer of oceans is populated by high light-adapted Prochlorococcus ecotypes, which despite their ti...

    Authors: Christian Kolowrat, Frédéric Partensky, Daniella Mella-Flores, Gildas Le Corguillé, Christophe Boutte, Nicolas Blot, Morgane Ratin, Martial Ferréol, Xavier Lecomte, Priscillia Gourvil, Jean-François Lennon, David M Kehoe and Laurence Garczarek
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:204
  12. Candida parapsilosis is known to show limited genetic variability, despite different karyotypes and phenotypes have been described. To further investigate this aspect, a collection of 62 sensu strictu C. parapsil...

    Authors: Arianna Tavanti, Lambert AM Hensgens, Selene Mogavero, László Majoros, Sonia Senesi and Mario Campa
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:203
  13. Burkholderia species exhibit enormous phenotypic diversity, ranging from the nonpathogenic, soil- and water-inhabiting Burkholderia thailandensis to the virulent, host-adapted mammalian pathogen B. mallei. Genomi...

    Authors: Catherine M Ronning, Liliana Losada, Lauren Brinkac, Jason Inman, Ricky L Ulrich, Mark Schell, William C Nierman and David DeShazer
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:202
  14. Chlamydiae induce persistent infections, which have been associated with a wide range of chronic diseases in humans and animals. Mixed infections with Chlamydia and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) may resu...

    Authors: Nicole Borel, Claudia Dumrese, Urs Ziegler, Andrea Schifferli, Carmen Kaiser and Andreas Pospischil
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:201
  15. Campylobacter jejuni is the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. Due to the sporadic nature of infection, sources often remain unknown. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) has been succes...

    Authors: Caroline PA de Haan, Rauni I Kivistö, Marjaana Hakkinen, Jukka Corander and Marja-Liisa Hänninen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:200
  16. Streptococcus mutans is a major pathogen in human dental caries. One of its important virulence properties is the ability to form biofilms (dental plaque) on tooth surfaces. Eradication of such biofilms is extrem...

    Authors: Brigitte Kunze, Michael Reck, Andreas Dötsch, André Lemme, Dietmar Schummer, Herbert Irschik, Heinrich Steinmetz and Irene Wagner-Döbler
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:199
  17. The chromosome of Streptomyces has been shown to be unstable, frequently undergoing gross chromosomal rearrangements. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear, with previous studies focus...

    Authors: Wei Chen, Fei He, Xiaojuan Zhang, Zhi Chen, Ying Wen and Jilun Li
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:198
  18. Salmonellosis may be a food safety problem when raw food products are mishandled and not fully cooked. In previous work, we developed bioluminescent Salmonella enterica serotypes using a plasmid-based reporting s...

    Authors: Kevin Howe, Attila Karsi, Pierre Germon, Robert W Wills, Mark L Lawrence and Richard H Bailey
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:197
  19. Lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) is unique within the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family in that both class I (LysRS1) and class II (LysRS2) enzymes exist. LysRS1 enzymes are found in Archaebacteria and some eubacteri...

    Authors: Niall Foy, Brian Jester, Gavin C Conant and Kevin M Devine
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:196
  20. Mozambique is one of the countries with the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB) in Sub-Saharan Africa, and information on the predominant genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis circulating in the country are imp...

    Authors: Sofia O Viegas, Adelina Machado, Ramona Groenheit, Solomon Ghebremichael, Alexandra Pennhag, Paula S Gudo, Zaina Cuna, Paolo Miotto, Véronique Hill, Tatiana Marrufo, Daniela M Cirillo, Nalin Rastogi, Gunilla Källenius and Tuija Koivula
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:195
  21. Mycoplasma suis belongs to a group of highly specialized hemotrophic bacteria that attach to the surface of host erythrocytes. Hemotrophic mycoplasmas are uncultivable and the genomes are not sequenced so far. Th...

    Authors: Katharina Hoelzle, Simone Peter, Michele Sidler, Manuela M Kramer, Max M Wittenbrink, Kathrin M Felder and Ludwig E Hoelzle
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:194
  22. Associated with appropriate crop and soil management, inoculation of legumes with microbial biofertilizers can improve food legume yield and soil fertility and reduce pollution by inorganic fertilizers. Rhizos...

    Authors: Cristina Fernandez-Aunión, Thouraya Ben Hamouda, Fernando Iglesias-Guerra, Montserrat Argandoña, Mercedes Reina-Bueno, Joaquín J Nieto, M Elarbi Aouani and Carmen Vargas
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:192
  23. Epitope tagging is a powerful strategy to study the function of proteins. Although tools for C-terminal protein tagging in the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila have been developed, N-terminal protein ta...

    Authors: Clara Jana-Lui Busch, Alexander Vogt and Kazufumi Mochizuki
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:191
  24. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a widely distributed commensal Gram-positive bacteria of the upper respiratory tract. Pneumococcal colonization can progress to invasive disease, and thus become lethal, reason why ant...

    Authors: Cécile Frolet, Meryam Beniazza, Laure Roux, Benoit Gallet, Marjolaine Noirclerc-Savoye, Thierry Vernet and Anne Marie Di Guilmi
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:190
  25. During the last 15 years the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear DNA has been used as a target for analyzing fungal diversity in environmental samples, and has recently been selected as the standard m...

    Authors: Eva Bellemain, Tor Carlsen, Christian Brochmann, Eric Coissac, Pierre Taberlet and HÃ¥vard Kauserud
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:189
  26. Previous studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that ALA1 (encoding alanyl-tRNA synthetase) and GRS1 (encoding glycyl-tRNA synthetase) respectively use ACG and TTG as their alternative translation initiator c...

    Authors: Chia-Pei Chang, Shun-Jia Chen, Chen-Huan Lin, Tzu-Ling Wang and Chien-Chia Wang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:188
  27. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is the causal agent of rice bacterial blight disease. Xoo produces a range of virulence factors, including EPS, extracellular enzyme, iron-chelating siderophores, and type III-...

    Authors: Ya-Wen He, Ji'en Wu, Jae-Soon Cha and Lian-Hui Zhang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:187
  28. Many aspects of Acanthamoeba granulomatous encephalitis remain poorly understood, including host susceptibility and chronic colonization which represent important features of the spectrum of host-pathogen interac...

    Authors: Parisa N Mortazavi, Graham Goldsworthy, Ruth Kirk and Naveed A Khan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:186
  29. Biofilms are ubiquitous. For instance, the majority of medical infections are thought to involve biofilms. However even after decades of investigation, the in vivo efficacy of many antimicrobial strategies is sti...

    Authors: Trevor R Zuroff, Hans Bernstein, Jenna Lloyd-Randolfi, Lourdes Jimenez-Taracido, Philip S Stewart and Ross P Carlson
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:185
  30. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a ubiquitous enzyme catalyzing the reversible hydration of CO2 to bicarbonate, a reaction underlying diverse biochemical and physiological processes. Gamma class carbonic anhydrases (γ-...

    Authors: Simarjot Kaur, Mukti N Mishra and Anil K Tripathi
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:184
  31. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most common nosocomial infection in the United States and is caused by a range of uropathogens. Biofilm formation by uropathogens that cause CAUTI is ...

    Authors: Cheryl-lynn Y Ong, Scott A Beatson, Makrina Totsika, Christiane Forestier, Alastair G McEwan and Mark A Schembri
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:183
  32. Contamination of grains with trichothecene mycotoxins, especially deoxynivalenol (DON), has been an ongoing problem for Canada and many other countries. Mycotoxin contamination creates food safety risks, reduc...

    Authors: Hai Yu, Ting Zhou, Jianhua Gong, Christopher Young, Xiaojun Su, Xiu-Zhen Li, Honghui Zhu, Rong Tsao and Raymond Yang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:182
  33. The development of an effective vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani is an essential aim for controlling the disease. Use of the right adjuvant is of fundamental importance in...

    Authors: Rajesh Ravindran, Sudipta Bhowmick, Amrita Das and Nahid Ali
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:181
  34. The TolC protein from Sinorhizobium meliloti has previously been demonstrated to be required for establishing successful biological nitrogen fixation symbiosis with Medicago sativa. It is also needed in protein a...

    Authors: Mário R Santos, Ana M Cosme, Jörg D Becker, João MC Medeiros, Márcia F Mata and Leonilde M Moreira
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:180
  35. Bac7 is a proline-rich peptide with a potent in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Here we investigated its activity in biological fluids and in vivo using a mouse model of S. typhimuriu...

    Authors: Monica Benincasa, Chiara Pelillo, Sonia Zorzet, Chiara Garrovo, Stefania Biffi, Renato Gennaro and Marco Scocchi
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:178
  36. Photorhabdus are Gram negative bacteria that are pathogenic to insect larvae whilst also having a mutualistic interaction with nematodes from the family Heterorhabditis. Iron is an essential nutrient and bacteria...

    Authors: Robert J Watson, Peter Millichap, Susan A Joyce, Stuart Reynolds and David J Clarke
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:177
  37. Citrus Bacterial Canker (CBC) is a major, highly contagious disease of citrus plants present in many countries in Asia, Africa and America, but not in the Mediterranean area. There are three types of Citrus Ba...

    Authors: Luciano A Rigano, María R Marano, Atilio P Castagnaro, Alexandre Morais Do Amaral and Adrian A Vojnov
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:176
  38. Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine in which dietary gluten ingestion leads to a chronic enteropathy. Recently, scientific evidence suggested a potential role of gut microbiota...

    Authors: Serena Schippa, Valerio Iebba, Maria Barbato, Giovanni Di Nardo, Valentina Totino, Monica Proietti Checchi, Catia Longhi, Giulia Maiella, Salvatore Cucchiara and Maria Pia Conte
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:175
  39. The entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Beauveria are cosmopolitan with a variety of different insect hosts. The two most important species, B. bassiana and B. brongniartii, have already been used as biological c...

    Authors: Dimitri V Ghikas, Vassili N Kouvelis and Milton A Typas
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:174
  40. S. aureus is a coloniser and pathogen of humans and mammals. Whole genome sequences of 58 strains of S. aureus in the public domain and data from multi-strain microarrays were compared to assess variation in the ...

    Authors: Alex J McCarthy and Jodi A Lindsay
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:173
  41. The release of LPS by bacteria stimulates both immune and specific epithelial cell types to release inflammatory mediators. It is known that LPS induces the release of IL-8 by intestinal mucosal cells. Because...

    Authors: Tiziana Angrisano, Raffaela Pero, Silvia Peluso, Simona Keller, Silvana Sacchetti, Carmelo B Bruni, Lorenzo Chiariotti and Francesca Lembo
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:172
  42. Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis where the highest reported incidence world wide is in the Northeast of Thailand, where saline soil and water are prevalent. Moreover, recent reports...

    Authors: Pornpan Pumirat, Jon Cuccui, Richard A Stabler, Joanne M Stevens, Veerachat Muangsombut, Ekapot Singsuksawat, Mark P Stevens, Brendan W Wren and Sunee Korbsrisate
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:171
  43. Bacterial leaf blight causes significant yield losses in rice crops throughout Asia and Africa. Although both the Asian and African strains of the pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), induce similar sym...

    Authors: Mauricio Soto-Suárez, Diana Bernal, Carolina González, Boris Szurek, Romain Guyot, Joe Tohme and Valérie Verdier
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:170
  44. Derived from our lignocellulosic conversion inhibitor-tolerant yeast, we generated an ethanol-tolerant strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-50316 by enforced evolutionary adaptation. Using a newly developed rob...

    Authors: Menggen Ma and Lewis Z Liu
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:169
  45. Recent surveys of eukaryote 18S rDNA diversity in marine habitats have uncovered worldwide distribution of the heterotrophic eukaryote phylum Telonemia. Here we investigate the diversity and geographic distrib...

    Authors: Jon Bråte, Dag Klaveness, Tellef Rygh, Kjetill S Jakobsen and Kamran Shalchian-Tabrizi
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:168
  46. Salmonella enterica, a common food-borne bacterial pathogen, is believed to change its protein expression profile in the presence of different environmental stress such as that caused by the exposure to hydrogen ...

    Authors: Kihoon Kim, Edward Yang, Gia-Phong Vu, Hao Gong, Jing Su, Fenyong Liu and Sangwei Lu
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:166
  47. West Nile virus (WNV) causes viremia after invasion to the hosts by mosquito bite. Endothelial cells could play an important role in WNV spread from the blood stream into the central nervous system and periphe...

    Authors: Rie Hasebe, Tadaki Suzuki, Yoshinori Makino, Manabu Igarashi, Satoko Yamanouchi, Akihiko Maeda, Motohiro Horiuchi, Hirofumi Sawa and Takashi Kimura
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2010 10:165

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