Fig. 2

Comparison of TB patients’ gut fungal diversity and composition versus healthy controls. (a) Simpson index and Chao 1 index represent the alpha diversity (Unpaired t-tests). (b) The beta diversity was assessed using PCoA analysis based on Unweighted unifrac distance. ANOSIM was used to analyze the differences in the fungal community between the TB group and the HC group. Comparisons of the relative abundances of intestinal fungus between the TB and HC groups were conducted at the phylum (c) and genus (d) levels (Wilcoxon Rank Sum test). (e) The LEfSe analysis identified the differentially abundant taxa between the TB patients and HC (LDA > 4, P < 0.05). (f) The circular cladogram is a taxonomic diagram showing the taxonomic hierarchy of the signified species in patients with TB and HC by LEfSe. PCoA, principal coordinate analysis; LEfSe, linear discriminant analysis effect size; LDA, linear discriminant analysis; TB: tuberculosis; HC: healthy control. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001