Fig. 1

Changes in microbiota composition and microbial relationships at the colon level. (A) Color-coded box and whisker plots showing the distribution of the alfa-diversity estimators among PIPO and Non PIPO patients. * Statistical significance at alpha level 0.05. (B) PCoA analysis performed for β diversity based on the Bray–Curtis measure of dissimilarity. For each principal coordinate, the percentage of variance explained is reported between parentheses. Ellipses represents 95% confidence intervals. (C) Color-coded bar plot showing differential abundance analysis at genus and species levels performed by Mann–Whitney U tests. Only taxa whose abundances were significantly different between groups at alpha level 0.05 were reported. Error bars: SD. (D) Co-occurrence networks in PIPO patients (up) and control patients (down). Nodes: species. The size of nodes is proportional to number of connections with other nodes in the networks. The thickness of edges is proportional to the strength of correlations between species. Red edges: negative correlations. Green edges: positive correlations