Table 2 Mean of DIAGNOdent Pen readings of the lesions before and after remineralization

NaF

3.78

9.61

8.37

9.18

SD^a

0.19

0.71

0.81

0.78

Min^b

3.48

9.12

8.21

8.91

Max^c

4.15

9.98

8.83

9.52

0.5 × 10⁻⁴ g/L of Zeo/ZnONPs

3.69

9.77

9.53

9.67

SD

0.22

0.91

0.61

0.68

Min

3.31

9.57

9.35

8.46

Max

4.12

9.89

9.87

9.81

1 × 10⁻⁴ g/L of Zeo/ZnONPs

3.64

9.83

9.29

9.64

SD

0.20

0.71

0.92

0.86

Min

3.55

8.33

8.45

9.33

Max

4.01

9.96

9.37

9.84

2 × 10⁻⁴ g/L of Zeo/ZnONPs

3.72

9.67

8.96

9.41

SD

0.18

0.84

0.61

0.71

Min

3.67

8.73

8.45

8.83

Max

3.99

9.66

9.17

9.60

Blue laser

3.82

9.51

8.91

9.26

SD

0.19

0.58

0.82

0.65

Min

3.41

9.45

8.71

9.33

Max

3.89

9.84

9.32

9.78

0.5 × 10⁻⁴ g/L of Zeo/ZnONPs + Blue laser

3.73

9.69

9.17

9.41

SD

0.19

0.73

0.65

0.79

Min

3.61

9.46

9.01

9.13

Max

3.86

9.88

9.41

9.88

1 × 10⁻⁴ g/L of Zeo/ZnONPs + Blue laser

3.78

9.60

8.33

8.97

SD

0.26

0.81

0.61

0.76

Min

3.68

8.86

8.04

8.72

Max

4.02

9.79

8.81

9.17

2 × 10⁻⁴ g/L of Zeo/ZnONPs + Blue laser

3.77

9.58

7.49

7.81

SD

0.26

0.71

0.69

0.81

Min

3.31

9.21

7.25

7.31

Max

3.82

9.87

7.84

8.97

Artificial saliva

3.88

9.46

9.48

9.34

SD

0.19

0.72

0.61

0.53

Min

3.71

9.33

9.32

9.55

Max

3.93

9.84

9.91

9.79