Table 2 Relative abundances of the different ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria obtained using HOPE
Method used | Phase A | Phase B | Phase C | Phase D1 | Phase E | Phase D2 | Spearman correlation between amplicon sequencing and HOPE data from primer with nearest coverage match | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average relative abundance against the total bacteria ± standard deviation (%) | ||||||||
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) | ||||||||
HOPE | NmoCL6a | 6.7 ± 3.1 | 3.4 ± 1.3 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 4.2 ± 2.6 | 23.2 ± 15.6 | 26.5 ± 9.5 | |
Nmo218 | 3.7 ± 1.1 | 3.33 ± 2.6 | Not detected | Not detected | 0.01 ± 0.03 | Not detected | ||
Nse1472 | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 2.2 ± 1.8 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 1.5 | 18.9 ± 10.3 | 26.4 ± 5.0 | ||
Amplicon sequencing | Nitrosomonas | 2.0 ± 0.01 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.2 | 6.8 ± 4.4 | 11.6 ± 3.0 | Nitrosomonas with Nse1472: ρ = 0.91, p = 2.0 × 10−14 |
HOPE | Nsv443 | Not detected | 2.1 ± 1.8 | 4.3 ± 2.9 | 4.6 ± 3.0 | 3.3 ± 1.5 | 5.2 ± 1.5 | |
Nso190 | 8.9 ± 1.4 | 8.1 ± 5.2 | 9.0 ± 4.8 | 11.5 ± 12.3 | 26.4 ± 8.2 | 28.8 ± 8.7 | ||
Amplicon sequencing | Nitrosospira | 0.03 ± 0.04 | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 2.8 ± 3.6 | 0.2 ± 0.8 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | Nitrosospira with Nsv443: ρ = 0.62, p = 5.9 × 10−5 Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira with Nso190: ρ = 0.82, p = 6.7 × 10−10 |
Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) | ||||||||
HOPE | Ntspa572 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 4.3 ± 1.2 | 1.2 ± 1.6 | Not detected | Not detected | 0.01 ± 0.03 | |
Ntspa712 | 6.3 ± 2.3 | 9.6 ± 3.1 | 3.7 ± 4.6 | 0.9 ± 1.8 | 2.3 ± 2.9 | 2.7 ± 1.9 | ||
Amplicon sequencing | Nitrospira | 10.5 ± 1.1 | 10.3 ± 2.7 | 2.2 ± 2.5 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.003 ± 0.005 | 0.01 ± 0.02 | Nitrospira with Ntspa712: ρ = 0.56, p = 3.4 × 10−4 Nitrospira with Ntspa572: ρ = 0.86, p = 3.1 × 10−11 |
HOPE | Nit1017 | 8.8 ± 3.5 | 4.8 ± 3.1 | 4.6 ± 0.8 | 4.7 ± 3.4 | 9.0 ± 3.9 | 8.4 ± 3.6 | |
Nit1000 | Not detected | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | Not detected | ||
Amplicon sequencing | Nitrobacter | Not detected | 0.022 ± 0.05 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.002 ± 0.002 | Not detected | Not detected | Nitrobacter with Nit1017: ρ = −0.40, p = 0.02 Nitrobacter with Nit1000: ρ = 0.68, p = 6.1 × 10−6 |