Fig. 4

The multi-directional differentiation capacity of PDLSCs. There were no visible mineralized nodules in the PDLSCs using alizarin red staining before osteogenesis induction (Fig. 4a). Alizarin red staining revealed many mineralized nodules after 14 days of induced osteogenesis (Fig. 4b). The lipid droplets did not observed by oil red O staining without adipogenic induction (Fig. 4c). Oil red O staining revealed a large number of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm after adipogenic induction for 20 days (Fig. 4d)