Characterization of the murine macrophage response to infection with virulent and avirulent Burkholderia species

Table 1 Bacterial strains used in this investigation and macrophage phenotypes following infection

Species and strain	Source	Location	Year isolated	Genome sequenced	Actin tails	MNGC	Uptake	Intracellular replication	In vivo Pathogenicity
B. thailandensis
^aDW503	Environment	Thailand	1998	Yes	Yes [44, 66]	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Yes [44]
CDC3015869	Human blood	Texas	2003	Yes	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Virulent [12]
Phuket 4 W-1	Water	Thailand	Unknown	Partial	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Virulent [12]
B. oklahomensis
E0147	Human conjunctiva	Georgia, US	1977	Yes	No [44]	No [44]	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Avirulent [12]
B. mallei
NCTC 10229	Unknown	Hungary	1961	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Virulent [41]
NCTC 10247	Unknown	Turkey	1960	Yes	No	Reduced	Yes	Yes	Attenuated [41]
NCTC 3708	Mule	India	1932	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Virulent [41]
NCTC 3709	Horse	India	1932	Yes	Yes	Reduced	Yes	Yes	Virulent [41]
ATCC 23344	Human	China	1942	Yes	Yes [67]	Yes [68]	Yes [68]	Yes	Virulent [41]
^b23344 ΔwcbB	UGA	China	1942	Yes	^cNT	Reduced	Yes	Reduced
^b23344 ΔwbiL	UGA	China	1942	Yes	^cNT	Yes	Yes	Reduced
^b23344 ΔwbiL/ΔwcbB	UGA	China	1942	Yes	^cNT	Reduced	Yes	Reduced
B. pseudomallei
576	Human Blood	Thailand	Unknown	Yes	Yes [44]	Reduced	Yes [44]	Yes [44]
MSHR305	Human Brain	Australia	1994	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Virulent [43]
295	Soil	Australia	Unknown	No	Yes	Reduced	Reduced	Reduced
713	Ulcer	Australia	Unknown	No	Yes	Reduced	Yes	Yes
1026b	Blood	Thailand	1993	Yes	Yes [69]	Reduced	Yes [69]	Reduced	Virulent [43]
DD503	Soil	Australia	Unknown	No	Yes	Reduced	Reduced	Reduced
776	Blood	Australia	Unknown	No	Yes	No	Reduced	Reduced
E8	Soil	Thailand	1990	Yes	Yes [21]	Yes	Yes [21]	Yes [21]
K96243	Human	Thailand	1996	Yes	Yes [44]	Yes [48]	Yes [44]	Yes [44]	Virulent [42]

Table 1 Bacterial strains used in this investigation and RAW264.7 macrophage phenotypes following infection. Explanations of column headings are: Species and strain: the species and strain that are used in this study; Source, location and year isolated: the source, location, and year that the corresponding strain was first identified; Genome Sequenced: the availability of the gene sequencing information for the corresponding strain; Actin tails, the ability of the corresponding strain to polymerize host actin and exhibit actin tails on the bacterial surface; MNGC, ability of the corresponding strain to induce macrophage MNGC; uptake and intracellular replication: ability of the corresponding strain to be taken up by macrophages and replicate intracellularly; in vivo pathogenicity, pathogenicity is determined by survival of mice and Syrian hamsters challenged with indicated Burkholderia spp.
^aDerived from B. thailandensis E264; Δ(amrR-oprA) (Km^s Gm^s Sm^s); rpsL (Sm^r) [10]
^bObtained from the laboratory of Mark Schell, University of Georgia nUGA) and derived from B. mallei ATCC 23344
^cNT, not tested in the study

ISSN: 1471-2180