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Table 1 Oligonucleotide probes and hybridization conditions used for CARD-FISH analysis of bacteria attached to LDPE fragments

From: Rapid bacterial colonization of low-density polyethylene microplastics in coastal sediment microcosms

Probe

Nucleotide sequence(5′ -3′)

Probe target

%FAa

°Cb

References

NON338

ACT CCT ACG GGA GGC AGC

Negative control

55

35

[34]

EUB338 I

GCT GCC TCC CGT AGG AGT

Most Bacteria

55

35

[35]

EUB338 II

GCA GCC ACC CGT AGG TGT

Planctomycetales

55

35

[36]

EUB338 III

GCT GCC ACC CGT AGG TGT

Verrumicrobiales

55

35

[36]

ARC94

TGC GCC ACT TAG CTG ACA

Arcobacter

20

46

[37]

PSA184

CCC CTT TGG TCC GTA GAC

Pseudoalteromonas, Colwellia

30

31

[38]

  1. aPer cent (v/v) formamide (FA) in hybridization buffer, based on [39] (NON338, EUB probes), [37] (ARC94) or [38] (PSA184).
  2. bHybridization temperature, based on [39] (NON338, EUB probes), [37] (ARC94) or a modification of [40] (PSA184).
  3. The fragments were retrieved from microcosms following 14 days of exposure to sediment from sampling site SP2 (Humber Estuary, UK).