Figure 3From: Cigarette smoke condensate increases C. albicans adhesion, growth, biofilm formation, and EAP1, HWP1 and SAP2 gene expression CSC promoted C. albicans biofilm formation. Yeast cells were grown with or without CSC at various concentrations for 48 and 72 h at 30°C. Panel A: Biofilms examined by SEM; photos are presented (n = 4). Panel B: C. albicans-seeded membranes stained with crystal violet. The optical density of each solution was read at 570 nm by means of a plate reader (n = 6). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, compared to the non-CSC-cultured C. albicans. Back to article page