Identification of novel antimicrobial resistance genes from microbiota on retail spinach

BMC Microbiology

Table 1 Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for E. coli containing the indicated plasmids

Drug resistant plasmid Name	Antimicrobial drug	Drug resistance plasmid MIC (ug/ml)	Empty vector MIC (ug/ml)	Fold increase
pAMP	ampicillin	16	4	4
pAMP	piperacillin	3	2	1.5
pAMP	cefotaxime	<.25	<.25	0
pAMP	ceftazidime	<.5	<.5	0
pAMP	cefepime	0.064	0.094	0.68
pAMP	Aztreonam	0.19	0.125	1.5
pAMP	Imipenem	0.25	0.25	0
pCIP	ciprofloxacin	0.125	<0.002	>62.5
pCIP	levofloxacin	0.38	0.012	31.7
pCIP	Ampicillin	6	4	1.5
pCIP	piperacillin	3	2	1.5
pCIP	ceftazidime	<.5	<.5	0
pCIP	cefotaxime	<.25	<.25	0
pCIP	cefepime	0.125	0.094	1.3
pCIP	Imipenem	0.25	0.25	0
pTMP	trimethoprim	>32	0.124	>258
pTMP	trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole	0.5	0.064	7.8
pAZT	Aztreonam	12	0.125	96
pAZT	cefepime	1	0.094	10.6
pAZT	ceftazidime	16	0.5	32
pAZT	piperacillin	12	2	6
pSXT	trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole	1	0.064	15.6
pSXT	trimethoprim	>32	0.125	>256
pPRP:1B	ciprofloxacin	0.125	0.016	7.8
pPRP:1B	levofloxacin	0.25	0.047	5.3

MICs in the presence of the plasmid with the metagenomic DNA insert compared to the empty vector (pSMART or 1B) are shown. In accordance with manufactures recommendations, less than a 4-fold increase was considered to be within the margin of error.

ISSN: 1471-2180