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Table 6 MICs distribution of 15 antibiotics for the 40 non-enterococcal strains

From: Antimicrobial activity, antibiotic susceptibility and virulence factors of Lactic Acid Bacteria of aquatic origin intended for use as probiotics in aquaculture

Antibiotics

Species (no. of tested isolates)

Number of strains with the indicated MIC (mg/L)a

EFSA breakpoints (mg/L)b

0.016

0.03

0.06

0.12

0.25

0.5

1

2

4

8

16

32

64

128

256

512

1024

2048

Ampicillin

Lb. carnosus (2)

        

1

1

        

4

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

     

1

            

4

 

L. cremoris (3)

   

1

2

             

2

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

   

1

2

             

2

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

       

15

1

         

4

 

W. cibaria (15)

     

15

            

n.a.

Vancomycin

Lb. carnosus (2)

         

2

        

n.r.

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

          

1

       

n.r.

 

L. cremoris (3)

     

3

            

4

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

              

3

   

n.r.

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

              

16

   

n.r.

 

W. cibaria (15)

              

15

   

n.a.

Gentamicin

Lb. carnosus (2)

     

1

 

1

          

16

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

        

1

         

16

 

L. cremoris (3)

    

3

             

32

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

    

3

             

16

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

    

1

 

1

9

3

2

        

16

 

W. cibaria (15)

    

6

 

7

1

 

1

        

n.a.

Kanamycin

Lb. carnosus (2)

       

1

 

1

        

64

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

          

1

       

64

 

L. cremoris (3)

       

2

1

         

64

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

         

1

2

       

16

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

         

1

  

13

2

    

64

 

W. cibaria (15)

        

1

1

4

4

4

1

    

n.a.

Streptomycin

Lb. carnosus (2)

         

1

 

1

      

64

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

           

1

      

64

 

L. cremoris (3)

         

2

1

       

32

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

         

1

2

       

64

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

          

1

5

10

     

64

 

W. cibaria (15)

        

2

 

7

5

1

     

n.a.

Erythromycin

Lb. carnosus (2)

   

2

              

1

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

   

1

              

1

 

L. cremoris (3)

  

2

1

              

1

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

  

1

2

              

1

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

  

1

4

7

 

3

   

1

       

1

 

W. cibaria (15)

    

9

5

   

1

        

n.a.

Clindamycin

Lb. carnosus (2)

 

1

 

1

              

1

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

1

                 

1

 

L. cremoris (3)

2

  

1

              

1

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

2

 

1

               

1

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

3

2

7

    

1

3

         

1

 

W. cibaria (15)

2

  

6

5

1

 

1

          

n.a.

Tetracycline

Lb. carnosus (2)

      

1

1

          

8

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

      

1

           

8

 

L. cremoris (3)

    

1

1

1

           

4

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

      

1

2

          

8

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

       

1

 

13

2

       

8

 

W. cibaria (15)

        

15

         

n.a.

Chloramphenicol

Lb. carnosus (2)

      

1

1

          

4

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

       

1

          

4

 

L. cremoris (3)

       

1

2

         

8

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

       

3

          

4

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

      

1

5

10

         

4

 

W. cibaria (15)

        

15

         

n.a.

Neomycin

Lb. carnosus (2)

      

1

 

1

         

n.a.

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

        

1

         

n.a.

 

L. cremoris (3)

    

2

 

1

           

n.a.

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

    

3

             

n.a.

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

    

1

  

9

4

2

        

n.a.

 

W. cibaria (15)

    

4

 

6

4

 

1

        

n.a.

Penicillin

Lb. carnosus (2)

       

1

1

         

n.a.

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

    

1

             

n.a.

 

L. cremoris (3)

    

3

             

n.a.

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

   

1

2

             

n.a.

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

     

7

8

1

          

n.a.

 

W. cibaria (15)

      

7

7

 

1

        

n.a.

Linezolid

Lb. carnosus (2)

      

2

           

n.a.

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

       

1

          

n.a.

 

L. cremoris (3)

      

1

2

          

n.a.

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

     

1

2

           

n.a.

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

       

15

1

         

n.a.

 

W. cibaria (15)

       

15

          

n.a.

Ciprofloxacin

Lb. carnosus (2)

       

2

          

n.a.

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

         

1

        

n.a.

 

L. cremoris (3)

       

2

1

         

n.a.

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

       

1

2

         

n.a.

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

           

16

      

n.a.

 

W. cibaria (15)

        

5

10

        

n.a.

Rifampicin

Lb. carnosus (2)

    

1

1

            

n.a.

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

    

1

             

n.a.

 

L. cremoris (3)

          

1

2

      

n.a.

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

     

1

2

           

n.a.

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

      

2

13

1

         

n.a.

 

W. cibaria (15)

         

12

3

       

n.a.

Trimethoprim

Lb. carnosus (2)

           

1

 

1

    

n.a.

 

Lb. curvatus (1)

         

1

        

n.a.

 

L. cremoris (3)

             

3

    

n.a.

 

Lc. cremoris (3)

       

1

2

         

n.a.

 

P. pentosaceus (16)

         

8

8

       

n.a.

 

W. cibaria (15)

             

15

    

n.a.

  1. aMICs determined by a VetMIC test. The antibiotic dilution ranges were: 0.03-16 mg/L (ampicillin, clindamycin, penicillin and linezolid), 0.25-128 mg/L (vancomycin and ciprofloxacin), 0.5-256 mg/L (gentamicin, streptomycin and neomycin), 2-1024 mg/L (kanamycin), 0.016-8 mg/L (erythromycin), 0.12-64 (tetracycline, chloramphenicol, rifampicin and trimethoprim). MICs which exceeded the upper or lower limit of the tested range are listed in the next dilution series. MICs higher than the EFSA breakpoints are indicated in bold.
  2. bLAB with MICs higher than the EFSA breakpoints are considered as resistant strains [15]. n.r., not required; n.a., not available.
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